Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. It occurs when the regulatory mechanisms that govern cell division and death fail, leading to cells proliferating excessively. These abnormal cells can form tumors (mass of tissue) or proliferate within the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Cancer can affect any part of the body and is classified into various types, such as carcinomas, sarcomas, leukemias, and lymphomas, based on the specific cells or tissues affected. The causes of cancer can include genetic factors, environmental exposures, lifestyle choices, and infections. Treatment options vary and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, depending on the type and stage of cancer.